Data recovery is the process of restoring corrupted or inaccessible data to usable form. It can be achieved through many methods including using specialized software methods, laboratory techniques, and hardware. A successful recovery depends on the right approach to the problem and timely application. In most instances, even if a hard disk drive has become physically damaged certain data can be recovered using the correct techniques.
The most important step to take is backup, which should be performed regularly. This will help you quickly recover your data in the event of a disaster. It is not recommended to DIY methods for recovery. A botched attempt could result in further damage to the files, causing more problems for professional recovery efforts.
Many files can be found by using a program that scans for signatures on files. These are patterns that identify a particular file type. For example the png files start with the string ‘%0PNG.’ MP3 files start with the string ‘ID3.’ This method is most effective when the original files are still in their original state and are not overwritten by other data.
Advanced methods for recovering data employ the structure of files to discover information that may be hidden in damaged areas of a disk. This can include data carving, which relies on the knowledge of file structures to retrieve fragments from missing or damaged files. The final step is restoration of folders and files to their working condition usually using an exact copy of the original data in order to prevent further damage.